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Italy has been struggling to manage illegal migration for decades, however, the Arab Spring gave new impetus to this issue.
Migration became increasingly politicized and securitized in Italy. It has been ranking high on the political agenda as it is a recurring campaign topic of Italian politics. Since Libya is the most important point of departure, migration management became the dominant issue of Italo-Libyan relations, as well. The often-changing Italian governments have differing approaches to tackle migration, thus continuity in migration policies is hard to maintain. The 2018 Parliamentary elections marked the beginning of a new era: the first populist government of Europe was formed by Lega and Movimento 5 Stelle, while centre-left parties suffered a historical defeat in the elections.
The presentation focuses on the migration management of two consecutive Interior Ministers from different sides of Italian politics: Marco Minniti from the centre-left (Democratic Party) and Matteo Salvini from the right (Lega): Minniti was the last Interior Minister before the 2018 elections, while Salvini was the first one after it. During their tenure the number of sea arrivals fell significantly, but at what cost? What were their signature policies and which had greater effect on the long term?